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Is Saving With Icelandic Banks Safe?

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By Jane Baker | 14 February 2008

It's not surprising savers are feeling more nervous than usual over the safety of their cash. The crisis at Northern Rock is still pretty fresh and it's going to take some time before we start to feel comfortable again.

That's why alarms bells ringing in the Icelandic banking sector as a whole may be picked up by savers over here. Especially since there has been a recent press article highlighting this issue.

So what is really happening?

Leading banks in Iceland have had their credit ratings placed 'under review' by ratings agency, Moody's. That's because the banks' profits may fall in the near future. Credit ratings measure whether a bank is able to meet its financial obligations and reflects the risk of default. The review includes Icelandic banks Landsbanki and Kaupthing Bank which operate in the UK.

Both banks currently have an Aa3 rating for bank deposits which means their obligations are judged to be of high quality and subject to very low credit risk. Even though these ratings are on Moody's watchlist for a possible downgrade, Kaupthing has been under review since August 2007 but continues to hang on to its Aa3 rating.

To put this in perspective for you: both banks have a credit rating which is equivalent to, if not higher than, a number of other financial businesses in the UK including Abbey, Alliance & Leicester (who incidentally are also on Moody's watchlist), Bradford & Bingley, ICICI and Standard Life Bank.

Should We Be Nervous?

Icelandic savings accounts have offered eye-watering interest rates in recent times, attracting thousands of UK savers. Indeed, Icesave - owned by Landsbanki - has had a presence in the UK since October 2006 and has already pulled in more than 150,000 savers with its competitive online accounts.

More recently, Kaupthing Edge, the UK arm of Kaupthing Bank, has made an impressive UK debut with the launch of a 12 month fixed rate bond paying a market-leading 6.86% and a highly competitive easy access account paying 6.50%. These accounts are bound to garner popularity with many savers over here.

If you have already put your savings with Icesave or Kaupthing Edge I don't think you should panic. To repeat, both banks have a top-end Aa3 rating. And anyway, just as savings in UK banks are covered by the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS), deposits held in the two Icelandic banks have equivalent protection.

Icesave savings accounts are covered by the Icelandic Deposit Guarantees and Investor-Compensation scheme. Under Iceland's scheme the first €20,887 (approximately £15,000) is protected in full. But savers also have a further guarantee under the FSCS which is limited to 100% of the first £35,000 less any payments made under the Icelandic scheme.

Meanwhile Kaupthing Edge deposits are currently held by UK company Kaupthing Singer and Friedlander Ltd and as such are protected entirely by the FSCS, which means they qualify for the same maximum protection of £35,000. 

So, in other words, these accounts have exactly the same protection as UK deposits.

You might think that a claim made through a two-tier compensation scheme is bound to be more onerous. But Mark Sismey-Durrant, Managing Director of Icesave, suggests this isn't the case since the structure of the Icelandic scheme has the potential to settle claims more quickly than even the UK's FSCS. Indeed, the UK scheme has a full six months to deal with compensation claims (although this process is being reviewed).

That said, the risk of either bank defaulting is exceptionally low. Landsbanki and Kaupthing are the equivalent of the big four banks in the UK. So it would follow that as the Bank of England would come to the rescue of a beleaguered Barclays or Lloyds TSB as the lender of last resort, the Icelandic government would provide similar support for its largest banks.

What's more, Landsbanki has no exposure to sub-prime debt unlike many banks in the UK, and it isn't heavily reliant on wholesale money markets, which means it may be more resistant to the repercussions of the credit crunch than some.

On a final note, I think it's sensible - given credit conditions in general - that you should limit your savings to £35,000 per institution whether you choose to save with an Icelandic bank or, indeed with a UK bank. In other words, don't keep all your eggs in one basket.  

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Comments

The opinions expressed here are those of the individual writers and are not representative of The Motley Fool.

At 08:36 on February 15 2008, goldpaw said:

I would definately agree about not putting all your eggs in one basket unless that basket (case) happens to be Northern Rock. The Government is using your tax pounds to guarantee 100% of all monies deposited within Northern Rock, not just the £35,000 guaranteed by other banks. Take advantage. Its the best things you're going to get as a tax payer

At 11:15 on February 15 2008, nicalx said:

I'd be interested to know how easy/quickly it is to claim back the 100% of ones savings upto the £35,000 amount. If it were to take for example six months of paperwork, during which one wasn't earning interest theres still a risk there.

At 16:12 on February 15 2008, ianmr65 said:

Good article!! Other points to note. The icelandic banks have recently posted solid results. Unlike say B & B here. The FT gave them a clean bill of health. Their liquidity and capital base is strong and their reliance on the credit markets is far lower than many other institutions. Mainly because they have been out globally pushing excellent rates of intrest and getting their liquidity (cash) that way. Moody's and Fitch the credit ratings agencies are in deep trouble as they rated the Monolines (US Municipal Bond re-Insurers) as AAA and the monolines are all going down the pan. So the ratings agencies are under pressure about all their ratings, as they are going to get sued big-time over the monolines. It has been very cheap to cover cash lent to or guarenteed by the Icelandic banks, (becuase they are AAA), so the cost of a credit default swap note (A sort of insuarnce against the bank defaulting, that is traded) was very cheap. These were getting more expensive for these banks mainly because: Credit traders don't understand the Icelandic bank structures, and have not taken into account the positive year end results, and they are worried about the ratings review. Another fact to bear in mind is that many UK banks who are in far worse trouble and posted terribel results, say B & B. Or who have far greater exposure to the subprime toxic derivatives, say barclays, are all a bit miffed that £6bn of UK savings have flown off to iceland. When they are all desperate for the liquidity here. As they are all struggling to borrow cos of the credit crunch. So I suspect there was a certain amount of PR hype, when the UK instututions saw that at last, they had something that would muddy the water, to stem the outflow, so they probably got their PR agencies to bang the drum in order to help the writers of the negative articles that have been published. i

At 18:51 on February 15 2008, nuclearnick said:

You omit to point out that Iceland is a very small country in economic terms. How does this affect the ability of the Icelandic Government to support their banking sector if there is a major problem? Why exactly does the Icelandic Central Bank have an interest rate of 13.75% (Policy rate)? Is it simply because they have to pay that high a rate of interest to achieve adequate liquidity in the economy?

At 23:12 on February 15 2008, johnmacc said:

Furthermore, the FSCS "top up" is reliant on the Icelandic bank paying its annual levy to the FSA - if they don't then no top up and compensation would be limited to the first €20,887 from the Icelandic scheme. And, if the bank doesn't notify depositors that it has ceased paying its FSCS levy and then goes under, depositers won't have the opportunity to bail out! In contrast, ICICI belongs to the FSCS proper, so deposits are covered by the UK scheme to the full extent of the first £35,000. A safer bet.

At 09:34 on February 16 2008, Tri2000 said:

I applied to transfer some cash ISAs to them and then opened up an Icesave Easy Savings account. Skimming through the terms of the account I noticed: 10f In very exceptional circumstances only, to enable us to comply with legal requirements and maintain appropriate liquidity levels, we may temporarily cease or limit withdrawals from accounts for up to 60 days. This limitation on withdrawals will apply even if we have already received notice of a withdrawal from your account. Money in your account will still earn interest during any such period and we will follow any instructions received during the period of suspension once this period has finished. So this seems to be saying that I can't guarantee to always get my own money back even if I want it? Do all banks have similar wording? It's certainly one way to avoid the long queues of savers that we saw on the TV when Northern Rock's problems first started. Pat

At 16:29 on February 18 2008, jahwerks said:

Nick, You omit to point out that Iceland is a very small country in economic terms. How does this affect the ability of the Icelandic Government to support their banking sector if there is a major problem? Why exactly does the Icelandic Central Bank have an interest rate of 13.75% (Policy rate)? Is it simply because they have to pay that high a rate of interest to achieve adequate liquidity in the economy? It is a very small country in population terms, not economic. GDP per capita is 5th in the world at over $40,000 (UK is 13th). It also belongs to the exclusive club of countries with AAA-rated government debt. Its financial services sector is highly developed and accounts for a large share of their wealth. The Icelandic central bank and financial services regulator are both solid institutions, and when you bear in mind that until about 5 years ago all the banks were state-owned, you can be quite confident in their ability to manage their resources in case of an emergency. The central bank's interest rate is high, in fact it is the highest of all AAA-rated sovereigns. It is on a slight downward trend now, in common with other states, but the main reason it is so high is that inflation in Iceland is currently running at an annual rate of almost 6%, thanks to a high level of cunsumer spending, and the bank has been attempting to get a grip on it. Liquidity is not an issue. Take Landsbanki for example - it has liabilities of circa 800m Euros maturing in the next year and yet it holds over 9 Billion Euros in liquid assets - a very sound position indeed. Also, as stated in the article, Landsbanki has no exposure whatsoever to the US sub prime market - a position many banks would very much like to be in. john, And, if the bank doesn't notify depositors that it has ceased paying its FSCS levy and then goes under, depositers won't have the opportunity to bail out! Ceasing to pay the FSCS levy would not only be a matter of public record, it would also compromise a bank's authorisation from the FSA to undertake deposit-taking business, so I don't think you need to worry about that. You don't work for ICICI by any chance? :-) tri, So this seems to be saying that I can't guarantee to always get my own money back even if I want it? All banks have to abide by capital-reserve requirements. As the conditions state, invoking such requirements would only happen in exceptional circumstances, such as a result of every account holder trying to withdraw at the same time. Whatever happened, though, the money remains yours. I suspect that other institutions have similar terms to guard against such unlikely events.

At 01:42 on March 21 2008, mel9drew3 said:

Re- paragraph '3.2 Novations' of Kaupthing Edge Terms and Conditions. Could this have any bearing on compensation if it were enacted?

At 00:40 on July 13 2008, littlexbanker said:

The central banks of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden all have responsibility for national financial stability and
a role as providers of emergency liquidity assistance where necessary (as in "Lender of last resort") The Memorandum of Understanding between their central banks should offer some further comfort to depositors in Icelandic banks who may be unaware of these agreements.

http://216.239.59.104/search?q=cache:8S3OwCySncYJ:www.sedlabanki.is/uploads/files/NordiskMoUGenerellslutligENG.pdf+nordic+member+banks&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=17&gl=uk

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