It’s been a grim 12 months for shareholders in oil explorer Tullow Oil (LSE: TLW). The firm’s share price has fallen by almost 60%, and there seems little hope of any respite in the near future.
At least that’s my reading of this morning’s first-half trading update. Although Tullow has increased its full-year production guidance to 66,000-70,000 bopd from 63,000-68,000 bopd, the financial outlook remains poor, in my view.
Tullow expects to report gross profit of just $300m for the first half of 2015, a 57% fall on the same period last year.
Lower oil prices mean that despite higher production, pre-tax operating cash flow is expected to have fallen 44% to just $500m during the first half of the year.
Assuming a similar performance during the second half, Tullow could be nearly $1bn short of the cash needed to fund this year’s planned $1.9bn investment programme. The result is that Tullow’s net debt will continue to rise. It’s already $3.6bn, 16% higher than at the end of last year. I expect a further rise during the second half of 2015.
Tullow’s supporters will probably say that this doesn’t matter, as when the TEN project in West Africa starts producing oil next year, production and thus cash flow will rise rapidly.
My question is whether this new production will be profitable enough to repay debt and fund shareholder returns if oil prices stay at current levels.
I’m not convinced and would sell Tullow and buy Royal Dutch Shell (LSE: RDSB) in today’s market.
1. Integrated advantage
Like BP, Shell has a bid advantage over Tullow Oil. Since the price of oil fell, its downstream (refinery) division has been making bumper profits.
This offsets falling profits from oil and gas production (upstream) and is a key advantage of investing in integrated oil companies like Shell, rather than exploration and production companies, like Tullow and BG Group.
Of course, Shell recently bought BG Group, providing a happy ending for long-suffering BG shareholders.
I don’t expect a similar outcome for Tullow, though.
2. Asset value
The reason for this is simply that Tullow still looks expensive. The valuation measure usually used by professional investors in oil and gas is the enterprise value to reserves ratio.
I recently calculated this to be $16.20 per barrel of oil equivalent (boe), for Shell. For Tullow, the current figure is $23/boe. That’s not especially attractive. Even after the bid premium, Shell only paid $19/boe for BG Group.
Unless Tullow’s reserves rise, I believe its share price needs to fall.
3. Income
Tullow’s days as a lucky oil and gas explorer with a premium P/E rating are over, in my view. The firm has not made a big discovery for some time and is struggling with a potentially toxic combination of low oil prices and rising debt. The dividend has been cancelled and seems unlikely to return anytime soon.
In contrast, Shell’s gearing will remain relatively low even after the BG acquisition. Chief executive Ben van Beurden has promised to maintain the dividend this year, giving a prospective yield of 6.5%.
Even if this payout is cut slightly in future years, it will still be a lot higher than anything Tullow is likely to provide.
