How does your wealth stack up against the average Brit?
Last week saw the first publication of one of the most fascinating new areas of research to be carried out by the Office for National Statistics in years. Entitled 'Wealth in Great Britain', it highlights the results of two years of research into household wealth up to the period ending mid-2008.
You may have seen some coverage of it in the press already, focused around a few headline-grabbing figures in the accompanying press release. It's interesting stuff, if a little predictable. The really interesting material is buried much deeper. But first, those headline statistics.
Deep divides
Household net wealth totals £9 trillion, apparently (or at least, did so up to mid-2008), with the average household worth £204,500 -- made up of property, financial assets, physical goods such as antiques, and pension savings.
The average household, though, is a somewhat nebulous concept. Peer more closely, and it turns out that the least wealthy half of households accounted for only 9% of total wealth, while the wealthiest 20% of households had 62% of it. Furthermore, the least wealthy 10% of households had negative total net wealth -- in other words, they were net debtors.
And you won't be surprised to learn that the wealthiest part of the country was the South East of England, with a median household wealth of £287,900. The area with the lowest median level of wealth, meanwhile, was Scotland, where median wealth was a paltry £150,600.
Finally, wealth varied by academic qualification. Those households headed by someone with a degree or above had the highest median total wealth of £400,200. The 'no qualifications' group was the least wealthy with a median of £105,100.
The employment status of the household head also affected the distribution of total household wealth. The wealthiest group was that of households headed by a self‑employed person, with a median of £283,200. The second highest category was retired households, with a median of £268,600. Employee‑headed households had median wealth of £217,500.
Pension pots and antiques
So far, so unexceptional. What's a little more interesting is what all that wealth was made up of. Here, the headline figures are surprising. Property is 39% of it, with private pension investments making up another 39%. Physical goods as stores of wealth -- vintage cars, antiques and similar collectibles -- made up 11% of wealth. Net financial assets made up 11% of wealth, too.
So, on average, many Britons have less of their net worth tied up in property than is popularly supposed. And despite all the talk about how Britons aren't saving for their retirement, it turns out that they have got private pension pots just as large as the equity in their homes. And the proportion tied up in physical assets was eye-opening, too: that's an awful lot of antiques in Acacia Avenue.
Which leaves the 11% of wealth represented by net financial assets. (Net, by the way, because assets are first 'netted-off' against households' debts and mortgage arrears, if any.) And I think many Fools will be surprised -- if not shocked -- by some of the figures that lie behind that particular element of household wealth.
Financial assets
First, the distribution of ownership of net financial wealth is more unequal than that of net property wealth and physical wealth. As the report puts it, "Median values of financial wealth in 2006/08 were much lower than mean values, indicating a skewed distribution."
Half of all households in Britain had gross financial wealth of £7,200 or less and net financial wealth of £5,200 or less. The analysis also shows that 25% of households had net financial wealth that was negligible: a large number of households at the lower end of the distribution, for instance, had negligible, zero or even negative net financial wealth. The median level of net financial wealth, overall, was £5,200.
How is that wealth held? Bank accounts were the most widely used store of financial wealth, held by 92% households. Savings accounts were also popular, and held by an estimated 62% of households. The mean value held in households' savings accounts was £18,300 -- a hefty sum. However, 50% of households with savings accounts had £3,500 or less in their account and 25% had £500 or less.
ISAs were the third most popular form of financial asset: overall, 42% of households had ISAs, with 36% having a cash ISA and 10% having a stocks and shares ISA. (These figures do not sum to 42% because some households had both.) The median value of these ISAs was £7,000 -- double that of savings accounts. And while the mean amount held by households within stocks and shares ISAs was £27,800, the median amount was £15,000, more than double the median amount in cash ISAs (£6,000).
Just 15% of households in Britain owned UK shares directly, outside an ISA wrapper. The mean value of the UK shares that they held was £24,000 -- but 50% of households who owned UK shares had holdings of £4,000 or less.
How do you compare?
So there we have it. The typical household prefers (predictably enough) to hold stocks and shares with a stocks and share ISA, with the median holding being £15,000. Shares were also held directly, with the median value here being £4000 or less.
How does your household compare? At Chateau Wheatley, I'm happy to say, as much as possible of our investment wealth is enshrined within an ISA wrapper, and our investments exceed both mean and median levels by a comfortable margin. Many Fools, I imagine, can report the same.
But overall, several aspects of this research are disturbing or worrying. I'm startled that so many people have so little net financial worth -- and in 2006-2008, to boot, when times were better.
I was also, I suppose, startled at how skewed this distribution of wealth was. So many people, it seems, are just one pay cheque away from disaster -- and would appear to have few prospects of the comfortable old age that they are doubtless hoping for.
And finally, I was more grateful than ever to be a small part of the Motley Fool. I know for a fact that if it were not for nearly ten years here, my own net financial worth would be substantially lower than it is today.
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