Cash Is Dead

Published in Company Comment on 6 March 2009

Interest rates are cut to virtually zero. The Bank of England is printing money. It all adds up to the biggest bubble ever. Get out of cash, before it's too late.

These markets can make even the best and smartest investors in the world look like mugs. If it can do that to the cream of the crop, imagine what it can do to little old me? I currently look like a two-headed, one-eyed zombie, 15-legged monster from Planet Zog.

Even the great Warren Buffett might be feeling a little battered and bruised during these difficult economic times. He's seen his fair share of stock market crashes, like 1973/4 and 1987, but he has never before witnessed a freefall in business activity at such a pace.

In his annual letter to shareholders, Buffett freely admitted to his failures, including buying oil giant ConocoPhillips (NYSE: COP) when the oil price was near its peak. The mistake cost "several billion dollars."

His preferred share investments in Goldman Sachs (NYSE: GS) and General Electric (NYSE: GE) when the common shares in those companies traded at much higher values than they do today, if nothing else have been poorly timed.

The Next Great Bubble

And then there's Buffett's prediction of the next bubble, the US Treasury bond bubble of late 2008, a time when briefly, investors were effectively paying the US Treasury to hold their money. Yes – yields or short-dated US bonds were negative.

Today, the returns are not much better, with 2-year US Treasuries yielding 0.9%, and the 10-years yielding 2.8%. The yields are effectively saying there won't be any meaningful inflation over the next 10-years.

Start The Printing Presses

Here in the UK, with interest rates now at 0.5%, the Bank of England is about to resort to printing money in an attempt to stimulate the economy. They do this by buying gilts, our equivalent to US Treasuries.

On FT.com, here is how Manoj Ladwa, senior trader at ETX Capital, describes the Bank’s strategy, and the potential pitfalls…

"Otherwise known as printing money, quantitative easing will allow banks to borrow more funds from the central bank and so inject funds into the economy and restore the flow of credit.

But it will only work if banks loosen their lending criteria and a measure of business confidence returns. The policy also needs be monitored closely as increased money supply coupled with falling production could lead to demand outstripping supply and hyperinflation."

Look Out Zimbabwe…Here Comes The United Kingdom

The yield on 10-year gilts now stands at 3.4%, again suggesting inflation is not going to rear its ugly head any time soon.

Yet Manoj Ladwa above says printing money may lead to hyperinflation. He is not alone.

Writing about the government and central banking strategies, in his annual letter to shareholders, Warren Buffett said "…one likely consequence is an onslaught of inflation." Buffett’s letter was published a week ago. Nothing much has changed since.

Send More Money

He said the economy will be in shambles throughout 2009 and probably well beyond. No change there. He said that conclusion does not tell us whether the stock market will rise or fall. No change there, except this week, it has chosen to fall rather than rise. He said America's best days lie ahead. No change there.

The gilt and Treasury bubble is in full swing, aided and abetted by central banks, including our own Bank Of England.

The Bank is acutely aware of the dangers of inflation. But first and foremost, they must fight today's battle, and deal with the consequences later. As Bank of England governor Mervyn King said...

"The amount of money is not growing at all, and the economy is in a recession, so we need to increase the supply of money."

A Nice Problem To Have

Doing nothing is not an option. The Bank of England won't be doing nothing for quite some time, especially if the economy starts inflating again. Right now, that would be a nice problem to have.

The Bank no doubt stands ready to stomp on the brake pedal should inflation start accelerating. It can stop printing money. It can rapidly raise interest rates. The government can raise taxes. It doesn't sound too enticing, does it? Believe me, compared to now, it's very enticing.

It's hard to imagine this gilt bubble not bursting. Right now, with the Bank deliberately adding air to the bubble, you can see why people think it won't burst.

Bubbles Go Pop

But that's the thing with bubbles. You don't realise you're in one until it's too late. Take the internet bubble. Those people who said the web would change the world have been proven correct. But those people who bid loss-making companies with questionable business models and low barriers to entry up to the high heavens, lost a fortune when the bubble burst.

The same goes for oil. When it was trading at $147 a barrel, peak oil theorists were having a field day, and with China and other emerging economy's insatiable desire for more and more oil, it didn't feel like a bubble. But a bubble it was, and just six months later, oil was back down below.

This bubble will be no different. It will probably carry on for a little longer, as most bubbles tend to, but burst it will. As Buffett said less than a week ago…

"Clinging to cash equivalents or long-term government bonds at present yields is almost certainly a terrible policy if continued for long."

Just Say No

Soon, people will start saying no to 2% savings accounts. They'll look for another place to park their money. Where will they look? Some clues are below.

More on the economy and the markets:

> Our Chief Analyst Maynard Paton is seeing great opportunity amongst the economic and stock market chaos. Check out his very latest share recommendations by taking out a free 30-day trial to The Motley Fool's Champion Shares premium stock picking service. Click here for more details, including his very latest column, Four Shares Beating The Crunch.

> Bruce Jackson does not have an interest in any of the companies mentioned in this article, including Treasuries and gilts. He does have a savings account, for what it is worth.

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Comments

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supasap 06 Mar 2009 , 10:07am

Using Zimbabwe in your headline is a bit sensationalist to say the least. Hasn't cash always been dead when interest paid is less than inflation? Seems to me it's best to keep just about £2k in easily accesible place hardly doing anything in terms of preserving value and the rest in long term investments like equities or houses..... if cash rich people are averse to these then there is always the possibility of purchasing packets of cigarettes something that is bound to increase in "value" if we stick to our health guns

guykguard 06 Mar 2009 , 12:54pm

Supasap: what to do with any spare cash is a dilemma, I agree.
Personally, I can't remember any reasonable period of time since the mid-60s when the risk-free rate was above the true rate of inflation. I suspect that, at best, the YTM on gilts only maintains the real value of the original investment. Nothing wrong in that, BTW.
As for houses, Nationwide claims that the long-term real increase in house prices is 2.9% per annum. Not too bad but nothing like the rate of return that Joe Six-Pack thinks he gets from property. The short-term return can, of course, be higher, but you have to like the costs of moving.
As for equities, the long-term -- I'm talking 50 years -- equity premium is about three percentage points above the risk-free rate. That's nice too, but to achieve it you've got to keep the faith in equities at times like the present, when most of us, including Mr B, are looking at portfolios that are positively, well negatively, terrifying.
I freely own up to having no clue what's best to do. I'm keeping what's left of my little nut store dry until the volatility indexes calm down, hoping to ride a new wave of the usual suspects: oils, tobacco and booze, utils, FMCG, defence, retail, ... and corporate bonds.
The present meltdown feels a lot like 2002/2003. Could be that the next five years will feel like 2003-2008. If the government bail-outs work at all -- a big if -- they could work big-time. Inflation, too!

brightncheerful 06 Mar 2009 , 5:19pm

Cash is liquidity, cash is real, cash is absolute. Everything else is just wishful thinking. Spare cash? Keep it, and keep on saving it and accumulate as much as you possibly can - which is precisely what those are thinking clearly are wanting to do by getting their hands on as much of your cash as possible. Don't give up now: the fun has only just begun.

loocan 06 Mar 2009 , 7:05pm

Ive got a petition going on the 10 downing st web site for a zero vat rate ,which could get the economy going immediately it just needs plenty of signatures http://petitions.number10.gov.uk/ZeroVatnow/
.

peepobaby 06 Mar 2009 , 7:40pm

I'm really panicking about my cash because its earning 1%. I wish I'd invested in property and lost 15% per year.

peepobaby 06 Mar 2009 , 7:50pm

If you don't like cash, there is only one place to put your money. China.

oldhenry 06 Mar 2009 , 8:06pm

keep hold of cash , it is flexible, you can buy things as they get cheaper in the recession. You would be an idiot to buy anything until the bottom is reached and that is some way away yet. Houses are still overpriced, shares all over the place. Buy solid fuel for the next five years, if you have room ( I have) so beat any more fuel rises. They will continue as teh British are mug, as the car price increase prove. Other countries reduce thoer to sell them, and the cars are till overpriced here.

ceeijdreborn 06 Mar 2009 , 8:50pm

loocan - the 15% VAT rate is the lowest currently allowed under EU law, which in itself opens a whole other topic for debate... Im also not sure why everyone thinks *spending* is the answer - thats what got us into this in the first place. Changing the law so that credit cards can't charge crazy interest rates would be a much better place to start, and give anybody with this type of debt a bit extra expendable income, which they could put towards their overall debt or maybe even choose to spend, spend, spend...

uspaul666 06 Mar 2009 , 9:18pm

Cash is King.

litsl 06 Mar 2009 , 10:07pm

Peak Oil is much more than a theory. It is very well understood. Oil production peaked in the US in 1971. In 1956 Hubbert, a geologist, predicted the peak to be 1970. He was lambasted and his career in ruins. He was wrong by 1 year.

This is not a about a bunch of green hippies with a theory - this has happened before. We have the data on US oil production and peak. The only difference with the modern version of the term 'peak oil' is that we are looking at the world instead of just looking at the USA.

You might like to look at how the figures for remaining oil reserved were massaged during the 1980s too. We have less left than we think.

Please don't portray this as some whacko theory. Peak Oil is ahead of us and it is not debatable.

SquaddieJRT 07 Mar 2009 , 11:08am

I would love to sign your petition loocan; removing VAT seems good to me. However, you will need to edit-out the type errors and spelling mistake to get it taken seriously.

GreyNomad 07 Mar 2009 , 11:17am

OK so I'm loosing out on 'cash' combination of inflation and low interest rates means I'm 'loosing' at the rate of 3-4% per annum.

Compared with what? Lloyds TSB shares, lost 75%, Northern Rock lost 100%, Inchcape lost, house prices down 15% per annum, Oil stocks only down 20% since 'high'.

If I had the choice of any loss 2-3% pa with cash is more acceptable than most of the alternatives.

miseryguts 07 Mar 2009 , 1:40pm

"losing"

Sorry, just drives me nuts.

What's this conversation about again?

thewinkshow 07 Mar 2009 , 2:49pm

JJB SPORTS SHARES ARE VERY UNDERVALUED AND EXPECTED TO FLY IN THE NEXT FEW WEEKS

Staintunerider 08 Mar 2009 , 10:04am

"I'm really panicking about my cash because its earning 1%. I wish I'd invested in property and lost 15% per year." Peepobaby

What flawed logic ! Invested when ? last year, 2 years ago, 5 years ago, 10 years ago ?

If you invested in property in 1999 you will still be well in profit today at todays prices. Compared to the stock market property has proved far better. Cash has only been King since the Crunch arrived and maybe it's time is now up ?

ThatLindseyGuy 08 Mar 2009 , 1:50pm

Staintunerider >> Methinks peepobaby is being ironic.

peepobaby 08 Mar 2009 , 11:28pm

Staintunerider is right. If you can't spot the cycle on all asset types, then you'll lose money on the down cycle and have to wait for the next upcycle. Now that s/he's called the downcycle for cash, I'll be straight down to the estate agent to swap all my cash and cash-like investments for a bunch of poxy BTL properties. That would be ironic!

Fabius1 09 Mar 2009 , 2:40am

Low inflation, low interest rates, don't forget those lovely premium bonds. Assuming the payouts are constant, given probability, there is a good chance it could outperform short term deposit savings accounts with the chance of a little bonanza. Obviously not a good idea with rising inflation.

gingerboy67 09 Mar 2009 , 7:59am

personally, i do not understand money at all and dont mind admitting i am easily confused. my cash has just arrived in istanbul where many pundits are predicting a very healthy return.

Nigelph 09 Mar 2009 , 8:45am

Personally I generally agree with the article and believe the governments will inflate away the debt problem by letting inflation run wild (say up to 20% per annum) for a few years once the recession has bottomed. This will significantly erode the debt the government has taken on to bailout their banker pals.

However it is important to distinguish between cash (readies/folding/short term bank deps) and other things equated with cash equivalents (longer term bonds, gilts etc.). The latter are definitely a no-go and will get decimated at the mere hint of some decent level of inflation. The former are definitely worth holding until some asset class is perceived to be investable again.

My own thoughts - steer clear of UK stocks for the moment - they could still halve and currently no clear driver to send them higher.

Steer clear of property at estate agent prices - again significant downside available and no driver higher. Auctions are a different story and there are some bargains there with potential yields that will get the longer term property investor (like me) interested.

All BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China) stocks are probably investable long term but all depend on this thing turning around and that could be at least a couple of years.

Oil has probably bottomed and, I think, will get up to roughly double today's price when the recovery begins to take hold. US140 was an overshoot but US32 was an over-reaction as most production brought on in recent years has been around the US40 mark. The elephant fields that delivered US10 oil are dead or in terminal decline.

Hedge funds are an interesting one. If you can go without the legal governance/protection then these can potentially make you a fortune as they should thrive in this environment. MAN funds (the world's largest quoted hedge fund company and British as well) are providing very good returns currently. Disclosure - I am both a customer of MAN and an investor in their shares.

All the best to all investors - what makes us investors is that we make decisions and take risks -going to and staying in cash is a decision and also a risk!!!






nopolitician 09 Mar 2009 , 10:00am

Quantative easing, (printing money), will devalue sterling.
How much is printed will determine the level of devaluation.

The message is clear. Spend it or lose it, otherwise this government will ensure you lose substantial buying power.
It is really a new TAX hidden in a way that most people will not perceive.

Politicians and Bankers have a clear message. We got the country into this mess. Now you, the people will have to pay to get us out of it, directly, or indirectly.

Houses are still a good investment, simply, as you have to live somewhere, and in the long term it is still cheaper than renting.

As others have said, credit card company's interest rates are verging on criminal, in the current climate. Where is the government action??

It will probably happen, 'too little - too late' as is usual with this bankrupt government and their 'Fat Cat' mates.

Politicians! Get rid of the lot I say. Replace them with non party based draftees, picked just like jurors, and democratically elected out of a group of 10 candidates. A maximum of 300, (just like the Spartans), is all that is required to represent and run the country. How can they make a worse job of it?

Failing that, what we need is a good injection of common sense in parliament. Vince Cable as PM might be a good start.

Simplification is what we need...

eg. Stop 'means tested' benefits, particularly where the people receiving it are still eligible to pay income tax. It is madness. It keeps thousands of civil servants we can't afford employed in useless tasks. These staff could be employed doing more productive work.

Pay a decent, pension, disability payment, unemployment pay etc, and substantially raise the income tax thresholds, then there would be no need for 'means testing'.

In the last 10+ years of a 'socialist' regime, the poor have got poorer and the rich, very much richer. Socialism? I think not!




Englishbloke 09 Mar 2009 , 3:31pm

I have £100k to spend. Probably going for a buy to let that will give me a 3-5% yeild after tax.

Thoughts?

Accountantsmum 09 Mar 2009 , 5:55pm

I've just inherited some cash: at present it's split between two accounts (ING and B'hm Midshires) both paying around 3.5% - for one year only. But what else? Don't like the look of shares just now, and as others have said, property has further to fall. Nobody has mentioned gold: it doesn't pay anything but is probably pretty inflation proof. There was a fashion for Krugerrands some years ago - is there anything similar now, and might this be a place for some of a cash pot?

hungary 09 Mar 2009 , 10:16pm

Look into European banks abroad, some are paying a very nice interest rate indeed! Cash is good and under my control. Banks are not be trusted ever. My bank did not pay my rent this month, despite there being ample funds available. No excuse and they charged me. I went in and got charges refunded and rent paid, but very awkward. Other bank did not allocate money to correct account, said I had defaulted and tried to charge me. Am wondering whether it is possible to switch to all cash culture?

hungary 09 Mar 2009 , 10:16pm

Look into European banks abroad, some are paying a very nice interest rate indeed! Cash is good and under my control. Banks are not be trusted ever. My bank did not pay my rent this month, despite there being ample funds available. No excuse and they charged me. I went in and got charges refunded and rent paid, but very awkward. Other bank did not allocate money to correct account, said I had defaulted and tried to charge me. Am wondering whether it is possible to switch to all cash culture?

Staintunerider 09 Mar 2009 , 10:52pm

Estimates are 300 billion for QE. It could top that though.

What i thought was mischief was the comment by the BOE that if inflation gets out of hand they will sell back the securities into private hands and unprint the money they get !

My first thought was "yeah, like that's ever going to happen"

Staintunerider 09 Mar 2009 , 11:00pm

Englishbloke 100k for a BTL, you still can't get anything in Surrey for less than 150k and that would be a studio and grotty !

Staintunerider 10 Mar 2009 , 3:40am

Accountantsmum....you say gold is pretty inflation proof....How so... as you said it doesn't pay anything but the value can go up or down as with any other commodity.

Hence it's perfectly feasible for gold to go down and inflation to go up at some point !

I am just waiting for a Gold style ponzi scheme to be exposed or even several. Mainly because few hold the gold themselves hence enter into a position with somebody who has "supposedly" entered a position in the markets. What if you do this with a firm who hasn't bought a contract your certificate will end up worthless aka a Madoff style Goldfinger.

There's also the possibility with a legitimate firm which couldn;t meet it's obligations if it bets gold the wrong way.

rouge14 10 Mar 2009 , 6:09pm

Accountantsmum... a better way to buy physical gold is investment bars as they have a lower premium than bullion bars.ie. nearer the price per ounce. Alternatively the Canadian Maple 1oz coin is considered a better investment than Krugs as the gold is purer.
Yes it doesnt have an income but with huge inflation a possibility as consequence of QE it may be a hedge.
Try to catch gold on its dips it could? be $850ish in spring.Always buy through a reputable dealer such as ats or goldline.Their sites also have live price charts.Gold should be about 10% of a balanced portfolio either in physical form,an ETF tracker or mining shares.
Also NS and I index linked savings certs available from Post office paying RPI plus 1% would be another inflation hedge.DONT buy now tho...
Also index linked gilts but again NOT now tho.
Dont forget when savings rates were 6% RPI was pushing 5% a mere 1% gap.
If youre getting 3.5% now with RPI at less than 1% you are BETTER off than a year ago.
Investment idea no.1 for me is overpay your mortgage.Its tax efficient and when interest rates do go up youll be so much better off.You also benefit by lower monthly payments.A 25 year mortgage is like taking 25 years to pay off a maxed out credit card only using minimum payments!Who would do that?
re. VAT cut. Why on earth didnt Gordon Brown just reintroduce the 10% tax rate?If he wanted the spenders to go shopping it would have been by far the best option.....

rouge14 10 Mar 2009 , 10:31pm
rouge14 10 Mar 2009 , 10:36pm

just re read my post.Meant to say investment bars have a lower premium than bullion COINS.....
Oh yes... and NS and I index linked certs are TAX FREE.Make no mistake taxes will rise in the near future so take advantage of all tax breaks.

Monevator 09 Mar 2011 , 10:44pm

Cash isn't just about the return you get from month to month and year to year.

One extra advantage for instance is the liquidity that enables you to move rapidly to new opportunities:

http://monevator.com/2010/03/17/cash-and-your-portfolio/

I admit March 2009 was a good time to go very low on cash though.

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