Low-Cost Pensions For Everyone

Published in Investing on 23 August 2010

NEST, formerly known as Personal Accounts, will be with us in just a couple of years.

Back in December 2006, the Government published a White Paper, outlining its workplace pension reforms, which included proposals for Personal Accounts, a new way of encouraging the workforce to save for their retirement. In January 2010, the new brand of NEST (the National Employment Savings Trust) was announced, with further details added in March and June 2010.

But what are NESTs and what are the costs of feathering it?

The principle

The impetus behind the introduction of the NEST scheme is the Government's estimate that about seven million people are currently under saving for retirement. 

Rather than believing these people are skinflints, or even (heaven forbid) not fans of pension-type investment, the Government think that they simply need to make it easier to save for retirement. 

Of course, rather than targeting these renegade pension-less louts themselves, the onus will be put on employers to help 'encourage' more people to save. In this context, 'encourage' means 'automatic enrolment'…

The scheme framework

Currently, employers are already required to offer some form of pension provision to their employees where they have 5 or more qualifying employees, although this may simply be a non-contributory stakeholder scheme. This is a facility available to the employee and if he or she chooses not to join the scheme, that is their prerogative.

Under the new scheme, from October 2012 UK employers will be required to automatically enrol employees into a 'qualifying pension scheme'. If the employer's current scheme meets certain criteria, it may qualify, but if not, or if there is no company pension scheme then all employees will be enrolled into NEST. 

The self-employed and single person directors are not eligible for auto-enrolment but will be able to join NEST should they want to.

A phased introduction between October 2012 and 2017, depending on the size of company, will see all UK employers be required to contribute a minimum of 3% of each employee's eligible earnings into a pension, assuming the employee does not 'opt out'. This is intended to 'incentivise' them to start saving towards their retirement.

Incentive or not, employees will also need to pay a personal contribution of 4%, with an added 1% tax relief being added to make the minimum contribution in respect of each employee of 8%.

Charges and changes

The Pensions Advisory Service sets out the details of the anticipated charges to be levied on NEST funds on its website.

  • A 2% charge on the value of each contribution to cover NEST's start-up costs; and

  • An annual management charge of 0.3% of the value of the fund.

The Government believes NEST will come out as the cheapest option over the long term owing to the low annual management fee of 0.3%. However, the 2% charge on contributions also means that the NEST fund will effectively be starting at a disadvantage when compared with other forms of pension saving. Compared with a pension charging, say, 0.5% a year, it will take a NEST fund around 10 years to catch up.

As far as investment choice is concerned, NESTs are no SIPPs. Workers will be automatically enrolled into the default fund but there "is likely to be a choice of investment funds, which may include options such as social, environmental and ethical investments."

Anyone who joins NEST will be able to continue to save in the scheme even after they leave the workplace or move to an employer that does not use NEST. There is also an option to 'opt-out' of NEST, but the default position is that you will be in, unless you take steps to get out.

What do you think of this scheme? Has the contribution level been set too high or too low and what's your opinion on the charges? Let us know in the comment section below...

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Comments

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mcturra2000 23 Aug 2010 , 1:28pm

"Government's estimate that about seven million people are currently under saving for retirement."

With low interest rates, inflation, and unfavourable changes to CGT, is it any wonder? It's infuriating that the government always seems to be perplexed at trying to find ways so as to encourage people to save, whilst at the same time implementing precisely those policies that encourage spending and discourage saving.

Hopefully the Conservatives will prove to be a little more enlightened than Labour.

timthegambler 23 Aug 2010 , 2:11pm

Agree with comment above.

I work in a large FTSE 100 company, with a generous money purchase pension. They will contribute upto 14% of salary, if you contribute 8%, and there is a staggered structure for less personal contributions met with less employers contributions.

However, it never ceases to amaze me how many people complain about being forced to contribute for this. Even though they are effectively getting free money from the company. I think people resent being forced to do anything, even if it is blatently in their interests.

Saying that, I think people just like to complain.

LastChip 23 Aug 2010 , 2:49pm

2% charges; you've gotta be joking!

It's crap; end of story.

Once again, the providers earn, while the idiots saving loose. What's changed?

It's no good the government (of any colour) moaning about lack of pension provision, when they happily raid the funds, sting companies and many people are in any case, living hand to mouth. If you're struggling to keep your head above water each month, a pension is the last thing on your mind.

I've said it before and make no apologies for saying it again, if you're a lower rate tax payer, make sure you opt out, as you've absolutely no chance of building a sensible fund. And furthermore, under the present rules, a small fund can actually be a liability.

You can rest assured, that after years of diligent saving, the government of the day, will find a way of extracting it from you.

I suspect I may be seen as cynical. After years of watching successive governments, you bet I am!

Their strategy is to milk as much as is humanly possible from you, without making it obvious and leaving you with just enough to make sure they get re-elected.

Our strategy, is make sure we pay the least legally possible and pensions are not a good vehicle for doing that - at least for the lower paid.

And surely, that's what this new whiz-bang scheme is all about. Selling pensions to the lower paid. Or more correctly, forcing the vast majority who find pensions a complete mystery, to comply.

The people that peddle this stuff, should be hung for treason!

uutasyw 23 Aug 2010 , 7:13pm

Unless the government does something about the means testing benefit system I can't see the point of anyone on a low/modest income joining NEST.

Labour encouraged debt while paying lip service to saving for the future. The new Coalition government appear to be saying the right things but I'll not hold my breath.


LordEssex 23 Aug 2010 , 8:10pm

The simplest way to encourage people to save is abolish Stamp Duty.

YeadonLad 23 Aug 2010 , 8:30pm

LastChip and uutasyw - you have identified the big flaw in this. However isn’t it time that we stopped punishing the prudent and started punishing the feckless? What is needed is for the government to announce a date (obviously well in the future) when everyone will get a basic state pension and that is it … period. If you want more than that then save up for it yourself, don’t expect future taxpayers to pay.

Fulvio100 24 Aug 2010 , 9:15am

Yet more bureaucracy for the employer.

ytrewqytrewq 24 Aug 2010 , 12:27pm

Bravo YeadonLad!

We have a significant part of a generation, who for a variety of reasons, have grown up in an environment where they can rely upon the state for "handouts" offering precious little in return.

The safety net should be nothing more than a Basic State Pension with additional retirement provision being a matter of personal responsibility.

Australia adopted the "Compulsion Route" in 1992, there was kicking and screaming then, and yet 18 years later they have a pension culture that should be envied (Superannuation) - maybe that is the direction we should be going!

As for NEST - many comments come from the ill informed and the ignorant. NEST will be an extremely keenly costed arrangement, which, for modest contribution levels, will charge significantly less than traditional Providers can offer. Yes there are better options for very short term saving, but aside from that it's a good option. There is no obligation for any employer to use NEST, it is merely a simple, low cost option available to any employer who wishes to use it in order to fullfill their Workplace Pension duties. So, if through advice or research there are better private sector options - use them.

GrahamMiller0 24 Aug 2010 , 1:53pm

If you want to encourage people to save, how about making the payments from Annuities free from income tax. At the moment it is little more than a deferred tax scheme. If you make it tax free at both ends, people would see the point.

TimberMadam 24 Aug 2010 , 2:06pm

Question to "ytrewqytrewq". In what ways is this NEST / Workplace Pension duty on employers different from the Australian compulsory superannuation scheme?

I'm in favour of some degree of compulsory scheme (i.e. automatic enrolment with an opt out if make a comparable arrangement). Any scheme also has to be simple for users - remember that those of us on message boards like this are the tiny % of people who are motivated and at least partly (in my case) informed about £ options.

atrium32822 24 Aug 2010 , 2:19pm

A well organised State Pension Scheme should be continued this is not a "Handout".

Successive Governments tend to follow USA & their policies. I spend 6 months in US & this country is fine but only if you are Rich & Healthy outside of that you have no hope. These people are struggling with their 401K's & healthcare some working until they die in order to get health cover & they tell you that they have the finest system in the World. Have we not seen the way Funds rip you off on you investments, how much money brokers get in Bonuses when things are good. They don't give back when they are loosing your money.

OK so maybe you need more incentives from Governments ie. tax breaks etc. with Wall Street dictating the markets you will see the gap widen, pension schemes falter & at the end of the day anyone who has saved whether it be in a savings account or pension will get sucked in.

fedupwithbrown 24 Aug 2010 , 2:27pm

The success of this depends on who the benficiary of all this money is going to be. The fund managers or the pension owner? If it's anything like my niece's son's Child Trust Fund managed by Scottish Friendly (a default scheme), they manged to turn £250 into £178 in the first year. That £250 is now standing at just over £200 after the second. I can just imagine what's going to happen with NEST!!! They'll all have their snout's in the trough!

trufflestu 24 Aug 2010 , 2:37pm

Does anyone have information on the Danish ABP Pension that was supposedly launching in the UK in June.

I've trying to find some information but seem to be getting nowhere?

They were stating maximum charge of £5 annual management charge

Iniq 24 Aug 2010 , 2:37pm

Schemes like ISAs and the various National Savings products are good because they are capped - the less well-off benefit proportionately more than the very wealthy.

But the present tax relief on pension fund contributions is just the opposite - high earners who need no incentive to save and who can easlily afford to do so, get tax relief at a higher rate - daft.

I would immediately limit such tax relief to the standard rate of tax. In fact, I would cap it so that there would be NO tax relief at all above the maximum amount of tax relief which a standard-rate taxpayer could obtain.

Then I would make a promise that when it came to retirement, the first £1,000 per annum paid out by a qualifying pension scheme would be exempt from income tax for standard-rate-income-tax-paying pensioners.

That would only cost the government £200 a year - the cost of the winter fuel allowance. But to get a pension of £1,000 a year the pensioner would probably need to have amassed a pension fund of at least £20,000, which could take many years. So for the low earners - just the people who need the greatest incentive to save for their retirement - there would be the attraction of getting tax relief on their contributions AND tax exemption on the eventual pension payments.

Of course, most people would need a lot more than £1,000 a year when they retire, but that initial incentive would at least have encouraged them to START saving.

aileun 24 Aug 2010 , 4:12pm

All well and good but reality most of the pension dodgers simply DO NOT EARN ENOUGH ! basic wages of working people do not cover living expenses THAT is why you have a benefits culture (and the fact there are a some really idle sods out there), at one time government minimum wage was paid by a skinflint few now it is the norm, where are they going to get the money from.

tedphill 24 Aug 2010 , 5:56pm

At least something is being done, in an effort to get people to save for their old age. We need to educate people in real life. Companies/Govt should set up training schemes where by at the age of say 40, everyone has to live on the basic state pension for a month to find how hard it is.
There has to come a time when any Govt runs out of money to give/pay. I guess within 20 years, pensions will be paid from age 70.
The hardest part is to get everyone to do something.

Iniq 24 Aug 2010 , 6:07pm

There is an argument for paying much greater pensions - enough to be able to live on comfortably AND to cover the full cost of care etc. - but to do so starting from the age of 80.

That might cost the government less, overall. (Any actuaries here who could advise?)

After all, when state pensions were introduced, I suspect that the life expectancy of a 65-year-old man at that time was not much greater than an 80-year-old now ...

That doesn't mean you would have to keep working up to that age of 80. Depending on how much you were prepared to save while you were working, you could retire as early as you liked.

And at least you would know that you only had to provide for yourself until you were 80. At present I don't know HOW long I may live so I don't know how quickly I can afford to spend my savings.

Just a thought ...

atrium32822 24 Aug 2010 , 11:38pm

Has everyone missed the point. Savings, interet rates are zilch!!!!
Why would you save? Also the way the world works with the stock markets speculative ups & downs you are going to get caught out with your pension fund if you are 5 years up to retirement through to if you are 5 years into it somewhere down the line. If we didn't pay out so much in different kinds of Social security to our lazy, single mom's as the "yanks" would say & all of the other so & so's along with immigrants who sponge off the state & I do not mean legitimate immigrants who come here to get va better life & work I think that there would be enough to cover a decent state Pension & health system. We have the money it is just miss- appropriated.

BigScaryHaynet 14 Sep 2010 , 9:23pm

So someone on £10,000pa, approximately the minimum wage, will be contributing an average of £64 per year over their working life in fees to the sharks who will run these funds. Someone on the average wage of £25,000 will be donating an average of £160pa each year to them, and their lifestyle.

Total madness! Does no-one in government represent the working man?

Further, anyone on £10,000pa, saving in this scheme for 40 years, and assuming price inflation, wage inflation, and savings rates, are all approximately equal over this period, will have amassed a fund of £31,360 at current values. How will they then live on the annuity that will buy?

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